Assignment #1 response. You are required to respond to at least two of your peers. Those responses must be a minimum of 200 words each.  You must cite and use at least one academic source.  HERE ARE TWO STUDENTS POST THAT NEED TO BE RESPONDED TO SEPARATELY

Essay: African American Women Leaders between 1877 and 1940 1

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ALOYSIA JOHNSON(Aug 13, 2017 1:14 PM)– Read by: 6

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African American women leaders between 1877 and 1940

 The experiences of African American women leaders between 1877 and 1940 were diverse and rooted into strong racial awareness. As many historians have studied a lot of black women contributions during this period but were not seen and recognized as a part of history. Many African Americans were promised citizenship yet they were still being treated unequal and has difficult times being accepted.

 African Americans have been treated as second class citizens due to the lack of equality and freedom many sought after. For some Reconstruction was to reestablish union and to others it was to grant freedom to slaves. African American women had meaningful roles in both the labor and US armed forces of World War II but were restricted due to segregation and racism.  

 African American women were racially and gender discriminated against making them have to fight that much harder to get into job positions and once hired often they were forced to use segregated restrooms and paid the lowest amount for work performed. Victoria Earle Matthews, established in February 1897 a settle house located on the Upper East Side, the White Rose Mission, to help these young women arriving in New York City (Kramer, S. 2006), but Matthew’s long history of prominence and activism in the black community gave her great credibility. Victoria became more involved after the death of her only son and her passion for helping children and women began as she started her social work. Matthew’s attended the Congress of Colored Women of the United States at an Atlanta Exposition in 1895 and traveled through the south to investigate circumstances and statuses of African American Women where she found many of them to be in horrifying conditions. Many black women of the south were being exploited by agencies who were in the business to sell the young girls body in the rural south and southern cities by selling a life in New York filling honorable positions only to find disappointment and the broken promises of these agencies. Matthew established a traveler’s aid service The White Rose which was one of the first in the country that housed hundreds of girls and provided a variety of services. After Matthew’s established the White Rose organizations for African American increased. She found volunteers who would meet at the docks to meet the young black girls traveling and save them from becoming entrapped by disreputable employment agencies that exploited young black women. The women learned sewing, cooking, dressmaking and learned a trade in professional courses of bookkeeping, tying, stenography and reading. Designed to help young girls to learn the principle of self- help and right living that would bring a wholesomeness to their lives.

Victoria Mathew’s recognition of the problem faced by young black women migrating to the southern and some northern cities contributed to the White Rose mission success. The White Rose was one of the first organizations that provided lodging, food and skills to young black women. Victoria Earle Matthews died in 1907 from contracting tuberculosis, in spite of all the problems she faced Matthews had success in getting the communities to recognize the problems African American women faced after arriving in New York City.

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Jacob Pritt(Aug 17, 2017 12:00 PM)– Read by: 2

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