refers to concentration in terms of moles per litre of solution, whereas osmolality refers to concentration in terms of moles per kilogram of . For dilute , however, they are numerically almost the same.
Osmolarity is the number of osmoles per litre of solution.Osmolality is the number of osmoles per kilogram of solvent.
EXAMPLE
Calculate the osmolarity and the osmolality of a solution of
0.850 g of NaCl in 100.0 mL of water. The of the solution is
1.005 g/mL.
Osmolarity
0.850 g NaCl × ##(1″ mol NaCl”)/(58.44″ g NaCl”)## = 0.0145 mol NaCl.
In solution, 1 mol NaCl forms 1 mol Na⁺ + 1 mol Cl⁻= 2 mol particles, so 1 mol NaCl = 2 Osm
0.0145 mol NaCl × ##(2″ Osm”)/(1″ mol NaCl”)## = 0.0291 Osm
Osmolarity = osmoles/litres = ##(0.0291″ Osm”)/(0.100″ L”)## = 0.291 Osm/L or
291 mOsm/L
Osmolality
Mass of solution = 100.0 mL × ##(1.005″ g”)/(1″ mL”)## = 100.5 g
Mass of solvent = (100.5 – 0.850) g = 99.6 g
Osmolality = ##”osmoles”/”kg solvent” = (0.0291″ Osm”)/(0.0996″ kg”)## = 0.292 Osm/kg or 292 mOsm/kg
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