Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions Portfolio DirectionsDirections1. Design an experiment to verify that new substances are formed and heat isreleased or absorbed during a chemical reaction.2. Write experimental procedures using detailed, numbered steps. Do not useparagraphs. Do not use personal pronouns such as you or I.a. Incorrect: I will pour 10 ml of water into the graduated cylinder. I willtransfer the water to a separate container. I will add 3g of sugar tothe water.b. Correct:i. Pour 10 mL of water into the graduated cylinder.ii. Transfer the water to a separate container.iii. Add 3g of sugar to the water.3. To plan the experimental procedures, consider the following questions:a. What materials are needed?i. Suggested reactants: solids: baking soda, baking powder, antacid tablets, yeaspowdered candy straws (Do not use any hazardoussolids.)t, liquids: milk, vinegar, water, 3% hydrogen peroxide (Donot use bleach, ammonia, or other hazardous liquids.)b. What safety procedures should be followed? (*see example below)c. What observations should be made before the reaction?d. What tests and observations should be conducted after the reaction todetermine if new substances are formed? (If heat or flame is used, suchas a splint test, be sure to include appropriate safety procedures. See anote about splint tests below.)e. What tests should be conducted to determine if energy is absorbed orreleased during the reaction?f. How often and for how long should temperature be recorded for eachreaction? (for example, once every 30 seconds for 3 minutes)g. What kind of data table is needed?4. After writing the procedures (including safety procedures) and creating a datatable (see example), obtain permission from your Learning Coach to begin.5. Carry out your experiment. Adult supervision is needed when using a heatsource for splint test.6. Create a lab report with the following sections filled in. Submit a typed copy toyour teacher via the Drop Box later in this lesson.a. Experimental Question: How does the absorption and release of energyaffect temperature change during a chemical reaction?b. Hypothesis:c. Materials List: d. Safety Procedures*:e. Experimental Procedures:f. Data Table:g. Analysis and Conclusions: (Use the data to explain whether or not thehypothesis was supported by the data. Discuss any circumstances thatmay have affected the outcome. Answer the experimental question.)Sample Data TableReaction ObservationsBefore ReactionObservationsDuring ReactionObservationsAfter reactionbaking soda +vinegar*Sample Safety Procedures1. Adult supervision is required.2. Wear safety goggles, apron, and closed-toed shoes.3. Do not wear baggy sleeves or dangling jewelry. Tie long hair back.4. Keep flame away from flammable objects.5. Do not leave the experiment unattended.6. Clean up spills immediately.7. Report any injuries to your Learning Coach or an adult supervisor immediately.A Note about Splint TestsThere are two types of splint tests. The one seen in the “Fizz, Foam, and Flames”Discovery Education™ Science Simulation was a test for the production of carbondioxide gas. To conduct this test, light a wooden coffee stirrer (this is the splint), andlower the flame into the beaker. If carbon dioxide is produced, the flame will beextinguished.A second splint test, called the glowing splint, is a test for the production of oxygen gas.To conduct this test, light a wooden coffee stirrer, make sure an orange glow is visible,and then blow out the flame. The orange glow should still be visible on the woodensplint. Lower the glowing splint into the test tube. If oxygen is produced, the flame willreignite because oxygen fuels a fire.