the paper will broadly explain turners syndrome disorder, its prevalence, and history. it willexplore the current view of the cellular and molecular origin of the disease. Ifthere are many theories, try to elaborate on ONE of the mechanisms as the focus ofyour paper. Finally, discuss the social, ethical, and political issues that families withthe disease deal with.Length: 3 – 4 pages, not including references.Formatting: Microsoft Word, APA most current edition.

Details: 1” margins on all sides, double-spaced, 12 inch fontStructure:

outline: APA format then

Title: Should reflect what the focus of your paper is. See “helpful hints” below onchoosing a title.

Abstract: A paragraph set apart from the rest of the paper that sums up what the paper isabout. You want to give the readers a taste of what is to come. Be concise.Introduction/Background: Tell the readers the history, prevalence and other interestingBROAD facts associated with the disorder. When was the disease first reported and bywho? When did we find out it was a genetic disorder?

Body: This is where you will write the bulk of the content of your paper. You willelaborate on a cellular/molecular mechanism that is disrupted in this disorder and theexperimentation that researchers in the field are currently exploring. What is the gene andprotein affected? Based on your knowledge in genetics what kind of mutation causes thedisease (translocation, deletion, insertion, aneuploidy, missense, point mutation)? How isit inherited (autosomal or sex chromosome; recessive or dominant?) Does it affect certainpopulations more than others? Is there a range in penetrance and severity of symptoms?What are the current treatments available? What is being explored for futuretherapeutics? Use data that are supported by your primary references when appropriate.Discussion: What are some of the social, ethical, and political concerns associated withthe disease? This may involve health care issues, therapeutics or genetic testing that isavailable.Summary: End with a brief paragraph of your thoughts on the disorder and how yournew background in genetics has helped you understand its significance? What direction isthe field headed in? Sum it up!References: You must cite your references throughout the text appropriately.

At least three primary research articles must be cited in your document. You must basethe bulk of your paper on peer-reviewed literature. Copying facts from websites is notappropriate. Your citation format must follow American Psychological Association(APA) style. See the Excelsior College library website for details.ALL references must be submitted at the same time your papers are due, as the lastsection of the paper. This will prevent me from visiting the literature databases everytime I want to check a reference.DO NOT list Wikipedia or other websites as sources. You may find references listed onwebsites. Usually, they are at the bottom of the page. You must look up the actualreference and turn these in (not the website!). Similarly, review articles are acceptable,but if the reviewer refers to a specific experiment or set of data that you are discussingthen take the extra step and reference the original work. How would you like it if youperformed an experiment and then someone else was given credit for your work justbecause they wrote a review on it? Scientists talk about other people’s work. It’s whatthey do. It’s OK. In fact, it’s a necessity. But give credit for original thoughts, data,images, and anything else you get from them.

required sources that must be used

References

Arnold, R., Neu, M., Hirtler, D., Gimpel, C., Markl, M., & Geiger, J. (2017). Magnetic resonance imaging 4-D flow-based analysis of aortic hemodynamics in Turner syndrome. Pediatric Radiology, 47(4), 382-390. doi:10.1007/s00247-016-3767-8

Atıcı, A., Panç, C., Karaayvaz, E. B., Demirkıran, A., Kutlu, O., Kaşalı, K., & … Bilge, A. K. (2018). Evaluation of the Tp-Te interval, Tp-Te/QTc ratio, and QT dispersion in patients with Turner syndrome. Anatolian Journal Of Cardiology / Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi, 20(2), 93-99. doi:10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2018.98250

Temple, C. M., & Shephard, E. E. (2012). Exceptional lexical skills but executive language deficits in school starters and young adults with Turners syndrome: implications for X chromosome effects on brain function. Brain And Language, 120(3), 345-359. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2011.12.001

Zelinska, N., Shevchenko, I., & Globa, E. (2018). Nationwide Study of Turner Syndrome in Ukrainian Children: Prevalence, Genetic Variants and Phenotypic Features. Journal Of Clinical Research In Pediatric Endocrinology, 10(3), 256-263. doi:10.4274/jcrpe.5119