TOPIC

Discuss the interrelationship between music and poem in Vivaldi’s Violin Concerto in F minor, Op. 8, no. 3 “Autumn” (The Four Seasons) (1725). Does Vivaldi adapt/alter any of the conventions of either the concerto or Baroque style in response to the poem that inspires this particular work? Must the listener be familiar with the poem in order to understand Vivaldi’s music? Explain. [See below for length requirement, content summary, bibliographic concerns, etc.]

THE POEM

The peasant celebrates with song and dance

The pleasure of the rich harvest,

And full of the liquor of Bacchus

They finish their merrymaking with a sleep.

All are made to leave off singing and dancing

By the air which now mild gives pleasure

And by the season which invites many

To enjoy a sweet sleep.

At dawn the hunters

With horns and guns and dogs leave their homes:

The beast flees; the follow its traces.

Already terrified and tired by the great noise

Of the guns and the dogs, and wounded it tries

Feebly to escape, but exhausted dies.

INDICATIONS GIVEN (BY VIVALDI) FOR THE FIRST MOVEMENT

Dance and song of country folk

The heavy drinker

The sleeping drunkard

INDICATIONS GIVEN (BY VIVALDI) FOR THE SECOND MOVEMENT

The sleeping drunkards

INDICATIONS GIVEN (BY VIVALDI) FOR THE THIRD MOVEMENT

The hunt

The fleeing beast

Guns and hounds

The fleeing beast is slain

METHODOLOGY

1) The following presents a sample outline for the paper

• The first page (approximately) of the paper should be devoted to defining/describing the concerto, ritornello form, and Baroque style.
• The second page should be devoted to examination of the work (in terms of fundamentals) in light of the definitions/descriptions given on the previous page. In other words, this page needs to consider how well Vivaldi's "Autumn" concerto follows the conventions of the Baroque concerto (in terms of performing forces, sequence of movements, ritornello form, continuity, etc.
• The final page should consider the music in light of the poem (without restating the poem verbatim). Consider what aspects of "Autumn" reflect ideas and imagery from the poem, justifying each by specifically describing the music in terms of fundamentals. Pay special attention to the places/aspects of the piece that do not conform to the norms of the Baroque concerto, as well as how the poem might have prompted Vivaldi to "break the "

2) 3-5 typed pages, double-spaced

3) This is a listening assignment, NOT a research paper. Between the textbook, notes taken during lecture, and your ears, you have all of the materials you need.

Emphasis should be given to musical analysis and interpretation. The paper should be a discussion of the assigned composition in terms of melody, harmony, rhythm, texture, form, etc. This analysis should (mostly) be your own observations based on attentive listening. I would rather see incorrect/inaccurate analysis by you than a regurgitation of an analysis you read in a book.

HINTS AND SUGGESTIONS

1) A well-organized paper will have an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.

2) Your paper should have a point (i.e., an original thesis statement that is a product of your own thought)! This point should be clearly expressed in your introduction and supported in the remainder of your argument. On the most basic level, there are three possible thesis statements (which should be restated in your own words)

• Because the "Autumn" concerto closely follows the conventions of a Baroque concerto, the music makes sense on its own, without the poem.
• Because the "Autumn" concerto violates the conventions of the Baroque concerto, the music does not make sense without the poem.
• Because the "Autumn" concerto closely follows the conventions of a Baroque concerto, the music makes sense on its own; however, the poem adds an additional level of meaning.

3) You don't need to discuss all 3 movements if it's going to make your paper longer than 5 pages. However, you must acknowledge that there is a total of 3 movements (as well as whether they follow the standardized sequence associated with concerti).

BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONCERNS

1) If you use any reference material (this includes the textbook), you must include a bibliography. Please refer to The Chicago Manual of Style or the MLA Handbook for the correct bibliographic format. Bibliographies do not count towards the 3-page minimum length!

2) If you draw upon any outside information, you must include footnotes, endnotes, or parenthetical citations. The style manuals listed above will show you the correct format for these all of these.

3) Obviously, all direct quotation must be cited. Indirect quotation, paraphrase, and reference to the work of others must also be cited. Because the instructor is well read, she can always tell when ideas are not the student’s (and she can often recognize the original source of the information); you will get snide remarks and snippy comments in the margin of your paper—and likely a lower grade—if you commit this grievous error.