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1. Multinational corporations had which of the following impacts on Third World countries?
They expanded countries’ agricultural and manufacturing sectors, but impeded the growth of local firms.
They allowed Third World countries to free themselves from dependence on the institutions of international capitalism.
They provided important technical knowledge that Third World countries could use to build their industrial bases.
They removed raw materials, and then left the local government to clean up the mess.
2. In which of the following ways did the United States attempt to counter growing radicalism in Latin America?
The United Sates supported policy makers supported the democratically elected government of socialist Salvador Allende in Chile.
President Kennedy sent advisors to dole out aid, explain how to reform local land systems, and to demonstrate the benefits of liberal capitalism.
The United Sates accepted the right of Latin American peoples to choose their own form of governance.
President Kennedy condemned the persecution and execution of protestors in Argentina, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
3. Which of the following encouraged the European powers to surrender their African colonies?
The treaty ending World War II called for immediate decolonization.
The United States encouraged decolonization, but the USSR opposed it.
European powers were too deep in debt to invest more in pacifying the discontented Africans.
The European powers determined that it was time to live up to their Enlightenment ideals.
4. In comparison with life in First World countries, which of the following best describes life for ordinary people in Second World countries?
Greater social egalitarianism and more opportunities for self-expression
Higher standards of living, but lower levels of economic security
Higher standards of living, but greater demands for military and community service
Lower standards of living, but higher levels of economic security
5. What was the Marshall Plan’s goal?
Its goal was to build an “iron curtain” across the center of Europe, blocking the expansion of communism.
Its goal was to humiliate the Soviets by showing how little resources the Soviets could muster to rebuild Europe.
Its goal was to limit the appeal of communism in Europe by providing grants for reconstruction to democratic governments.
Its goal was to ensure that eastern European states would have communist governments, providing a buffer between the USSR and Germany.
6. During the 1950s, Americans expressed anxiety about communism in which of the following ways?
Americans bought more consumer goods, which were usually made in the United States.
Anticommunist rhetoric led to attacks on civil liberties of individuals suspected of being communists or communist sympathizers.
Hollywood produced fewer movies than before because so many directors, stars, and writers were blacklisted.
American society became more egalitarian so that communism would be less appealing.
7. NATO and the Warsaw Pact were both designed to help contain the spread of communism.
true
false
8. The reason that Nazi bureaucrats decided to exterminate, instead of deporting, the Jewish population of eastern Europe was that they believed that deportation was too costly.
true
false
9. For which of the following reasons did President Harry Truman authorize use of the atomic bomb in 1945?
The bomb had never been tested, and scientists needed to know if the theory behind it was valid.
Truman feared that if he didn’t use the bomb that the Russians would continue their drive to spread Communism into western Europe.
An Allied invasion of Japan would cost hundreds of thousands of American lives, since the Japanese had vowed to defend the main islands to the last man, woman, or child.
Germany refused to surrender, even though the Soviets, British, and Americans were converging on Berlin.
10. Which of the following led Zionist militants to use force to attempt to gain statehood?
Following World War II, the French wanted to annex the region to their colony in Lebanon.
During World War II, Italian forces occupied the region and attempted to transport large numbers of Jews to Nazi extermination camps in Europe.
Following World War II, the British restricted the immigration of hundreds of thousands of concentration camp survivors.
During World War II, secret negotiations took place to turn the entire region over to the House of Saud.
11. Which of the following was a response to Khrushchev’s speech in 1956 attempting to separate Stalinism from true communism?
The Soviet army commanders withdrew troops from Eastern Europe.
The Politburo gave orders to have Stalin’s supporters quietly poisoned to avoid open disunity among the communist elite.
Polish and Hungarian intellectuals tried to break away from strict communist controls.
Supporters of Stalin attempted to regain control of the Politburo.
12. Under what circumstances did the Cold War become a “hot” war?
It became a hot war when the United States and the Soviet Union armed their Third World allies and encouraged proxy wars.
It became a hot war when the United States and the Soviet Union established foreign military bases in Third World countries.
It became a hot war when the Soviet Union enforced its will on its Eastern European satellite states.
It became a hot war when the United States and the Soviet Union became involved in armed conflict.
13. Which of the following is a reason why the Algerian War of Independence shocked French citizens and the colons?
The colons controlled Algeria’s best land and finances.
The French government had declared that Algeria was not a colony, but an integral part of France.
France had already granted independence to all of its other African colonies.
The colons introduced terror tactics to force the population to choose between them and the nationalists.
14. Which of the following was a consequence of Rachel Carson’s book, The Silent Spring?
It led to more pesticides being used on crops in Third World countries in order to increase food production.
It led to the environmental movement which questioned many of the ideas about economic progress and material prosperity upon which the “American Dream” had rested.
It, along with Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique, created the modern women’s liberation movement.
It led to the creation of the Pure Food and Drug Act.
15. Which of the following led European Jews to migrate to Palestine during the first half of the twentieth century?
They wished to create a new European colony in the Middle East, to replace the Ottoman Empire.
They believed that returning to their place of origin would lead to self-determination.
They hoped to learn Palestinian agricultural techniques, in order to achieve economic success.
They sought assimilation into an existing regional Semitic culture.
16. Why did the development of more effective nuclear weapons ultimately decrease the risk of a direct confrontation between the United States and the USSR?
Cooperating to develop the new weapons minimized the tension between the two powers.
Any conflict that involved nuclear weapons had the potential to destroy the world.
Both countries felt secure in their own arsenals and were less concerned about their individual rivals.
The spread of nuclear weapons to other states created new common enemies for the old allies.
17. Which of the following accurately compares the Germans and Japanese during the 1930s and 1940s?
The Japanese, but not the Germans, behaved brutally toward the peoples of the territories they conquered.
Both encouraged veneration of the emperor.
The Germans, but not the Japanese, forced large numbers of POWs and conquered people to work for their war efforts.
Both developed theories of racial superiority.
18. Which of the following people provided the model for protest that Martin Luther King, Jr. adopted in his pursuit of civil rights?
Mohandas Gandhi
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Ho Chi Minh
Nelson Mandela
19. What was the cause of the OPEC oil embargo of 1973?
Arab oil-producing states wanted to pressure Israel’s First World allies by halting oil exports to them.
Threats of war in the Persian Gulf led to closing off the oil fields for fear that they might be destroyed in the fighting.
OPEC states were running low on petroleum reserves and needed to find a way to slow down oil consumption.
OPEC wanted to force increased exploration for petroleum and other energy resources.
20. Which of the following factors led to the failure of Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward in 1958?
The Red Guards were not behind the Great Leap Forward and undercut its effectiveness.
First World corporations refused to buy any of the items produced in the local Chinese communal factories.
The communes failed to provide enough food to avoid famine and the manufactured goods were inferior.
Peasants refused to cooperate in communal living because it conflicted with traditional Chinese values.

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