You just responding to the student your take on what they said?

Student paper down below:

A drug is any substance used as a form of impairment; this may include a feeling, perception, or behavior. There are substances commonly used in society, such as caffeine or nicotine, that are a drug. These substances are licit drugs, but they are drugs.

Just like Nicotine advertises cowboys whom identify with a can of chew or skinny girls whom smoke, society encourages consumption. Coffee is one of the most common drinks worldwide, and in U.S. alone, sold over 5.7 billion dollars in retail; Energy drinks retail allotted in 2.98 Billion dollars. Starbucks, the second leading chain in 2016 in the U.S., selling basically only caffeine with limited food choices, and its advertised by being most visible and prestige consumption ( form status around the purchase, celebrities even drink it). Nicotine is the same; with more health disadvantages, U.S. sold 56 billion dollars in cigarettes alone (6 million in chewing tobacco and 783 million in electronic cigarettes is not included in the 56 billion). The financial difference is most likely due to the similarity of short term effects but the difference of the length of the effect.

Both being licit drugs, the effects and the length of the effects are directly connected to the financial data.

Caffeine, takes longer to consume, and reaches a peak approximately an hour after consumption. It decreases the rate of absorption of dopamine, making a “feel good” sensation last longer. It builds up the adrenaline supply, which increases heart rate and blood flow. It also has a molecular structure similar to adenosine, which combine with receptors to trigger sleep. Therefore, these receptors combine with caffeine inhibiting sleep for a short time frame (with consistent caffeine use the body will produce more adenosine receptors). Withdrawals from caffeine are due to vassal restriction that is released, therefore, the dilation in the brain can cause headaches. Another caffeine withdrawal is fatigue; the body has more adenosine receptors being produced, and for a short period, the production will make an individual more fatigued than normal. The insomnia effect can last 4-6 hours.

Nicotine is fast-acting and can have effects within 10 seconds. Nicotine increases the dopamine production and levels, also a chemical it is usually combined with slows the production of MAO (an enzyme that breaks-down dopamine), releases glucose to the bloodstream, and increases adrenaline (increase heart rate/ blood flow).The peak of the effects of nicotine are gone within minutes and just like caffeine, tolerance builds to counteract the new chemical imbalances. Nictontine also curbs appetite; it triggers the flight-or-fight response in the body that preserve enegery to more core focuses. The POMC cells become active in the hypothalamus that suppress the sensation of hunger. Also the body lowers the production of insulin, reducing sugar cravings.

A nicotine withdrawal, like other drugs, causes the body to discover equilibrium and until that occurs: there is an increase in hunger, anxiety, fatigue, irritability, and depression.

Although Nicotine is a licit drug verses and illicit drug, illegal; is largely due to the lack of severity to the psychological changes or altered state and the time frame in which the body can process the change (minutes).

Other substances, such as illicit drugs, or drugs that are more regulated, have an increased alteration of mental state and for a longer period of time.