Please See the Attached Files for the Circuits and please i need it to be TYPED in

Read all instruction very carefully before starting the lab. Use Op Amp 741 to complete circuitsand spice model. Warnings: make sure that the ground of the oscilloscope and power supplyare the same.

Part 1: Clipping During Amplification

Op-amps cannot provide infinite output voltage and have saturation voltages equal to thepositive and negative DC bias on the om amp, ±15V. At the saturation voltages, the op-amp willbegin “clipping”. In periodic waveforms, clipping appears as a “flattening out” of the outputvoltage at the peaks of input wave.

1. A) Evaluate the circuit to determine the voltage gain. At what input voltage would youexpect to start seeing clipping of the output voltage? Explain your reasoning.
2. B) Use spice to simulate the expected voltage gain. Does SPICE simulate the clippingeffect from op amps? Take screenshots of your spice model and output data.
3. C) Construct the inverting amplifier circuit. Make sure to set the frequency using thefunction generator and measure using the oscilloscope. Apply bias to the circuit, displayvin on CH1 and vout on CH2. Starting with a 2V peak-to-peak sine voltage waveform,gradually increase the amplitude of the input signal and record the input amplitude whenthe output starts clipping. Is this what you expected?
4. D) With the input set at the amplitude that is producing clipping, slowly lower the supplyvoltage of the op-amp from its initial value of ±15V. What happens to the output’sclipping? Can you explain this? Make sure you take photos of the circuit and input/outputwave forms.

Part 2: Voltage Division

Compare the voltage and current response at the load of a simple voltage divider and a voltagedivider with a unity buffer circuit.

1. A) Calculate Vout as a function of the load Resistor, RL, for both circuits.
2. B) Construct the both voltage divider circuits. Record Vout as a function of, RL, variedbetween 500Ω and 10kΩ for both circuits. Make sure you take photos of the circuit andinput/output wave forms.
3. C) Record Iin as a function of, RL, varied between 500Ω and 10kΩ for both circuits (take atleast 10 data points).
4. D) Describe some differences and advantages of using one type of voltage divider vs theother.

Part 3: The Integrator and Differentiator

In addition to the sine wave and the square wave, there are two other common signals inelectronic instruments, the triangle and sawtooth voltage waveforms. Both waveforms consist ofvoltages that change in time. These waveforms can be manipulated by using special integratorand differentiator circuits. For the following circuits assume R = 1kΩ and C = 0.1uF, bias using±12V.

1. A) Evaluatebothcircuitstodeterminethevoltageoutput,showwork.Drawwhatyouexpectto see at the output if the input waveform is a square wave, sine wave, and trianglewave. Explain your reasoning.
2. B) Use spice to simulate the expected voltage output for an input waveform with a squarewave, sine wave, and triangle wave, assuming an input voltage frequency of 1kHz. Takescreenshots of your spice model and output data. Does the response for both circuitsbehave as expected?
3. C) Construct both circuits. Make sure to set the waveform and frequency using the functiongenerator and measure using the oscilloscope. Apply bias to the circuit, display vin onCH1 and vout on CH2. Starting with a 2V peak-to-peak input amplitude, use an inputwaveform with a square wave, sine wave, and triangle wave, assuming an input voltagefrequency of 1kHz. Use photos to record the circuit, and input/output wave forms foreach waveform on each circuit. Does the output voltage behave as expected? Inaddition to a change in shape is their any amplification or phase shifts that occur?
4. D) Repeat part C, with an input voltage frequency of 10Hz, 100Hz, 1kHz, 10kHz, and100kHz. Do you notice anything different about the output voltage waveform, amplitude,or phase as the frequency increases?